Plasma Diagnostic Instrument Development for Nanosats (Faculty Mentor: Sven Bilén)

 

The Local Ionospheric measurements Satellite (LionSat) is a “sciencecraft” with science experiments and bus fully integrated. LionSat is a spinner that will “roll along” the orbit with the spin axis perpendicular to the orbit plane. It will explore the ram/wake structure with the spin axis perpendicular to the orbit plane. It will explore the ram/wake structure of a small spacecraft via plasma probes placed on the outside of the spacecraft going in and out of the wake as it “rolls” along the orbit. LionSat will obtain ambient measurements of the undisturbed plasma environment via two probes mounted on booms deployed from the endcaps and correlate them to the ram/wake measurements. These probes will also operate in different modes to investigate a broad range of geophysical conditions that occur on various time and spatial scales. The plasma measurements of the local ambient as well as ram/wake plasma environments via a novel hybrid plasma probe address ionospheric measurements and effects and represent an advanced science instrument. The LionSat spacecraft is initially spun-up, and its spin is maintained by a pair of RF ion microthrusters. LionSat will measure the spin-up rate and its stability once the operational roll rate is obtained. The LionSat team will develop and test optimal thrusting methods to maintain stability. The miniature RF ion thruster represents an innovative spacecraft propulsion technology.

 

A summer research experience on the LionSat project would typically involve a design effort relating to either one of the proposed science instruments or a spacecraft subsystem. In addition, there will be testing efforts of the proposed plasma diagnostic designs in CSSL’s vacuum chamber. The Communications and Space Sciences Lab’s (CSSL) vacuum chamber is a 60-cm diameter x 100-cm stainless steel cylinder roughed with a blower and able to obtain pressures in the range of 10-7 torr though an attached cryopump. The plasma is generated by an Electric Propulsion Lab (EPL) low energy plasma source (LEPS) System 250. The LEPS 250 system capable of providing a high flux of low energy ions and was designed for volume plasma generation. The plasma environment is close to that found in the ionosphere. It is able to run on Xe, Ar, Kr, Ne, or N2, and provides ions with 2-20 eV energy and electron energies < 1 eV. The plasma environment is measured with a LP system that consists of a metallic probe attached to a source electrometer, which when swept in voltage yields the classic I-V characteristic curve.